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Income

Area

What is the income of Estonian people? Do urban dwellers earn a higher income than the rural population? What is the average income per household member in Estonia? Income is a much broader concept than wages. In addition to wages or salaries, it includes income from business and rental of land and other property, as well as regular payments from other households (e.g. alimony), property income, income tax refunds and social benefits, such as old-age pension, child allowance, etc. In order to get an overview of the income of Estonian people, Statistics Estonia collects data on income

Education

Area

Nowadays it is possible to change one’s career, acquire a new specialty or broaden one’s general knowledge at any point in life. A person’s education starts early on in kindergarten and continues in basic school. Many people study their whole lives. Adults have more learning opportunities than ever before. In addition to universities, one can study in training centres and participate in short courses. There are more and more e-learning programmes, which also makes international education more widely available. Education statistics provide information on fields of education, educational

Folk culture

Area

Folk culture covers a nation's tangible and intangible cultural heritage and customs. Folk dance, choir singing, brass music and ethnic handicrafts help to preserve traditions. Amateur theatres, folk culture societies and other activities associated with intangible cultural heritage and heritage culture sustain and raise self-awareness. Folk culture statistics provide answers to the following questions. How many amateurs and instructors of folk culture are there? In which county is the practice of folk culture most popular? What is the profile of a folk culture amateur? How are folk culture

Museums

Area

Museums help to maintain cultural continuity by skilfully linking the past with the future. Museum exhibits tell stories or allow us to interact with the items. They let us feel what it is like to sit in an airplane cockpit or steer a ship, what life was like centuries ago or how electricity is created. Modern museums speak to and offer activities to visitors of all ages. They organise educational programmes, museum classes, virtual tours, film programmes and other events. Local lore museums help to preserve the identity of the country, its towns and villages. Over time, museums have become

Lowest-ever gender pay gap recorded in Estonia last year

Date 23.04.2026

Article

“In 2025, average gross hourly wages were 13 euros for men and 11.4 euros for women, meaning that women’s wages were 12.2% lower. This means that the gender pay gap in Estonia was the narrowest ever,” said Krista Vaikmets, leading analyst at Statistics Estonia. She added that the gender pay gap has decreased by 10.7 percentage points in the last 15 years. Wage inequality is the greatest in financial and insurance activities Looking at individual economic activities, the indicators vary. “In 2025, the gender pay gap was the biggest in financial and insurance activities (23.6%), wholesale and

Migration

Area

Open borders and the ability to choose where to live have made people more mobile. People move from city to city, to the countryside or even find a new job and home outside Estonia. How actively do Estonian people change their place of residence? How many migrants have found a new home in Estonia? Migration statistics provide an overview of internal migration, or movement from one administrative unit to another within Estonia, and external migration, or cross-border changes of residence. Migration is a vital event that can quickly change the age and sex distribution of the population. In

Exports of services

Area

Export of services takes place when a resident of Estonia sells services to a non-resident, incl. to an economic unit that belongs to the same enterprise group but is located abroad. For export of services, it is not necessary to cross country borders, i.e. services can be provided in Estonia or abroad.

At-risk-of-poverty rate down, absolute poverty rate up in Estonia

Date 06.11.2025

Article

The news release was corrected on 11 March 2026. The corrections are marked in red. Epp Remmelg, leading analyst at Statistics Estonia, said that the at-risk-of-poverty rate reflects income inequality in a country. “People at risk of poverty are not living in outright deprivation, but they cannot afford the standard of living that is considered normal in society,” the analyst noted. In 2024, close to 263,200 people lived at risk of poverty, which is nearly 11,600 fewer than in 2023. Their net monthly income, taking into account household composition, i.e. the equivalised disposable income, was

Job vacancies down by 5.4% in the third quarter

Date 08.12.2025

Article

Eveli Voolens, team lead of social statistics at Statistics Estonia, noted that Statistics Estonia uses the data of the employment register of the Estonian Tax and Customs Board to estimate the number of occupied posts and labour turnover. Data on job vacancies, however, are collected by Statistics Estonia using a questionnaire. The rate of job vacancies was 1.6% in the third quarter of 2025 The total number of vacant and occupied posts in the third quarter was 588,494. The number of vacant posts was the highest in education (2,025) and in wholesale and retail trade (1,264). The number of

The number of job vacancies was the highest in education and trade

Date 10.03.2026

Article

The total number of vacant and occupied posts in the fourth quarter was a little under 584,000. Vacancies represented 1.5% of all job posts. The number of vacant posts was the highest in education (1,435) and wholesale and retail trade (including repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles) (1,431). Krista Vaikmets, leading analyst at Statistics Estonia, said that the number of job vacancies declined by nearly 500 in the fourth quarter year on year. However, the rate of job vacancies – i.e. the share of vacancies in the total number of posts – remained at a similar level as in the fourth quarter