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Forest

forest forestry forest land trees felling

Estonia is one of the most forested countries in the world. Forests cover nearly half of the mainland in Estonia. The forests here stand out with an abundance of species, preserved thanks to a large proportion of naturally renewed forests and few alien tree species. Forest areas are important in the carbon cycle, binding carbon from the atmosphere in woody plants and forest soil.

Wood is an increasingly important source of renewable energy, valued raw material and building material. Wood is used to make doors, windows, houses and furniture, which are sold on the domestic market and exported to other countries. 

Forest statistics provide information about

  • the size of Estonia’s forest resources;
  • the annual increment of stands;
  • the area of forest land in Estonia;
  • the share of protected forest land;
  • the annual volume of felling.

Based on forest statistics, it is possible to assess how viable and productive are Estonian forests and how well the state ensures their renewal and preservation.

Gross felling based on national forest inventory (nfi) 12.74 million m³
1.86%
2018
Total area of clear felling based on NFI 34.3 thousand hectares
-3.7%
2018
Carbon storage in wooden biomass on forest land 152.39 million tonnes
-0.23%
2019
Area of forest land 2.33 million ha
0.08%
2019
Total growing stock of stands 481.23 million m³
0.22%
2019
Increment of stand volume per year 7.6 m³/ha
1.3%
2019
Territory covered by forest 51.4 %
2019
Share of strictly protected forests in total forest land area 14 %
2019
Share of felling in net annual increment on managed forest land 11.8 %
2018
Forest resources based on national forest inventory | 2000 - 2019
Source data in the statistical database: KK51
Share of strictly protected forests in total forest land area | 2001 - 2019
Source data in the statistical database: SN10
Share of forest annual fellings in net annual increment | 2004 - 2016
Source data in the statistical database: SN04
Gross felling based on national forest inventory | 1999 - 2018
Unit: m³/ha
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Total felling 157 134 141 119 115 110 118 92 94 88 104 115 105 121 115 132 129 146 153 147
Regeneration felling 291 258 252 210 206 212 258 232 230 211 223 237 243 265 248 251 242 263 274 279
Maintenance felling 98 84 83 73 73 67 62 43 38 37 46 44 39 40 43 44 43 44 44 47
Other felling 99 58 57 29 19 25 64 43 40 12 22 31 35 54 41 50 29 37 41 32

Source data in the statistical database: MM03
Area of forests, area of stands | 2000 - 2019
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Area of forest and other wooded land, thousand ha 2,243 2,239 2,215 2,255 2,281 2,270 2,268 2,264 2,228 2,216 2,221 2,234 2,249 2,268 2,295 2,310 2,313 2,331 2,331 2,333
Area of stands, thousand ha 2,096 2,078 2,052 2,091 2,118 2,107 2,113 2,115 2,082 2,070 2,080 2,090 2,101 2,115 2,135 2,146 2,143 2,157 2,149 2,142

Source data in the statistical database: KK51
Carbon storage in wooden biomass on forest land by dominant tree species | February 1990 - February 2019
Unit: thousand tonnes
February 1990 February 1991 February 1992 February 1993 February 1994 February 1995 February 1996 February 1997 February 1998 February 1999 February 2000 February 2001 February 2002 February 2003 February 2004 February 2005 February 2006 February 2007 February 2008 February 2009 February 2010 February 2011 February 2012 February 2013 February 2014 February 2015 February 2016 February 2017 February 2018 February 2019
Pine 35,743 36,239 36,736 37,233 37,729 38,226 38,722 39,219 39,715 40,212 40,708 41,205 41,701 42,249 44,417 44,401 46,449 48,644 49,309 49,653 49,734 49,744 50,285 51,473 52,609 52,883 52,457 51,930 51,366 51,017
Spruce 22,198 22,507 22,815 23,124 23,432 23,740 24,049 24,357 24,666 24,974 25,282 25,591 25,899 26,239 26,571 26,234 26,034 25,466 25,381 24,863 25,467 26,043 26,365 26,976 28,292 28,545 29,403 29,935 29,741 29,394
Birch 30,573 30,998 31,423 31,847 32,272 32,697 33,122 33,546 33,971 34,396 34,820 35,245 35,670 36,139 36,141 36,286 35,611 35,428 35,368 36,614 37,626 39,584 40,305 40,801 40,237 40,726 40,455 40,755 40,240 40,389
Aspen 8,403 8,520 8,637 8,753 8,870 8,987 9,104 9,220 9,337 9,454 9,570 9,687 9,804 9,933 9,644 9,564 9,496 9,398 9,528 9,704 9,787 10,159 10,083 10,238 10,117 10,302 10,552 10,947 11,009 11,254
Common alder 9,321 9,450 9,580 9,709 9,839 9,968 10,098 10,227 10,357 10,486 10,616 10,745 10,874 11,017 11,025 11,357 11,642 11,058 10,468 10,549 10,799 10,614 11,268 11,574 11,438 11,278 11,075 10,850 10,831 10,646

Source data in the statistical database: KK509

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