Environmental protection funding
Environmental measures implemented by the state support the development of environmentally friendly consumption and production habits. One of these measures is environmental taxes. Their share in the total tax revenue in Estonia has increased over the years. The purpose of environmental taxes is to mitigate the negative impact of human activity on the environment and to reduce environmental pollution. Examples of environmental taxes are pollution, energy and transport taxes.
Statistics on environmental protection funding provide information on environmental protection expenditures as well as on environmental taxes paid. They include information, such as
- how much is spent on environmental protection and how large are investments;
- how much manufacturing enterprises invest in environmental protection and who are the biggest investors;
- how large is the environmental tax revenue from enterprises and households;
- how much are environmental protection services consumed.
Environmental protection funding data are used to plan the implementation of environmental protection measures and monitor the ecological tax reform, the purpose of which is to increase taxation on environmental burden and reduce labour taxes.
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy taxes | 395,742 | 431,910 | 420,935 | 463,783 | 491,299 | 567,409 | 599,595 | 624,277 | 817,312 | 601,638 | 662,623 |
| Transport taxes | 9,840 | 10,789 | 10,936 | 11,305 | 12,159 | 12,521 | 13,044 | 13,231 | 13,371 | 11,100 | 12,671 |
| Pollution taxes | 34,443 | 31,483 | 37,068 | 44,227 | 44,920 | 50,144 | 52,723 | 54,527 | 44,285 | 28,952 | 32,236 |
| Resource taxes | 14,233 | 14,882 | 15,700 | 13,749 | 14,506 | 15,236 | 15,692 | 17,445 | 14,836 | 15,315 | 16,004 |
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| National expenditure for environmental protection | 561.5 | 634.2 | 623.6 | 634.9 |
| Consumption of environmental protection services by residents (at purchasers' prices) | 445.2 | 481.2 | 543.9 | 547.3 |
| Gross fixed capital formation in environmental protection activities | 129.8 | 182.8 | 110.9 | 134.5 |
| Transfers | -13.4 | -29.8 | -31.2 | -46.9 |
| 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Investments | 201,433 | .. | 127,307 | 27,711 | 13,231 | 62,457 | 25,444 | 23,764 | 27,615 |
| Current expenditures | 76,144 | 90,036 | 76,890 | 73,933 | 70,755 | 99,234 | 90,601 | 82,777 | 83,333 |
| Receipts from recovered materials | 57,399 | 56,202 | 53,166 | 57,965 | 60,635 | 57,453 | 51,651 | 52,180 | 68,067 |