Births

Population is renewed by births. Birth rate is a socially important issue, but having children always comes down to a very personal decision, which must be respected. In Estonia, the birth rate has been significantly lower than the replacement level throughout the period of re-independence. For natural replacement of the population in Estonia, there should be more than two children in a family.

However, from the third child onward, the financial stress of families is greater than with the first two children, which means that some children may not be born. In Estonia, significant measures have been implemented to support births; for example, benefits have been increased for families with at least three children. The need for kindergarten and school places in the near future as well as the number of new parents and the size of the labour force in the longer term depend on the number of births.

The statistics on births focus on families and provide information, such as

  • how many children were in a family when a new child was born;
  • where do families with newborn children live;
  • what characterises parents;
  • what is the marital status of parents.

Birth rates make it possible to compare the number of women in fertile age over time. By analysing longer birth patterns, demographers can draw conclusions on the demographic and economic situation of the country.

Total fertility rate 1.41
-12.4%
2022
Mean age of mother at childbirth 30.9
-0.4%
2022
Mean age of mother at birth of first child 28.6
0.1%
2022
Live births 11,646
-12.3%
2022
incl. boys 6,014
2022
incl. girls 5,632
2022
Twins 168
2022
Triplets 3
2022
Children born to married and consensual union parents | 2003–2022
Live births by birth order | 2013–2022
Live births by ethnic nationality | 2003 – 2022
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
All ethnic nationalities 13,036 13,992 14,350 14,877 15,775 16,028 15,763 15,825 14,679 14,056 13,531 13,551 13,907 14,053 13,784 14,367 14,099 13,209 13,272 11,646
Estonians 9,183 9,968 10,236 10,678 11,195 11,578 11,442 11,866 10,809 10,176 9,769 9,719 9,880 9,973 9,996 10,630 10,518 9,861 10,077 8,947

Fertility indicators | 2003 – 2022
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Total fertility rate 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.4
Mean age of mother at childbirth 27.6 27.8 28.1 28.2 28.4 28.7 28.9 29.2 29.5 29.6 29.5 29.6 29.9 30.2 30.4 30.5 30.6 30.8 31.0 30.9
Mean age of mother at birth of the first child 24.7 24.9 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.7 26.0 26.3 26.4 26.5 26.5 26.6 27.2 27.5 27.7 27.7 28.2 28.2 28.6 28.6

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