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The statistics in the section of sustainable development provide an overview on how Estonia is moving towards the goals of the global sustainable development agenda. At the UN summit in 2015, the global sustainable development goals were agreed on by adopting the resolution Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which includes 17 global sustainable development goals with 169 targets. The Commission for Sustainable Development approved the relevant indicators for Estonia to monitor progress towards the goals. The topic of cultural space, which is not one of the

The focus of the goal “Affordable and Clean Energy” is access to reliable, sustainable and affordable energy. Further efforts must be made for the availability of electricity or other energy sources used for preparing food. Energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy must be increased. The 2030 Agenda sets the target to increase the share of renewable energy in energy production, double the rate of improvement in energy efficiency, i.e. reduce energy intensity per unit of GDP. Specifically, it is important to contribute to the development of better financial instruments, to define

The focus of the global goal “Responsible Consumption and Production” is sustainable production and consumption patterns, more efficient use of resources and activities that reduce human impact on the environment and health. The 2030 Agenda lays down implementing the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns. The essence of the programmes is sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources. Food waste must be reduced by a half and food losses must be reduced in production and supply chains. The agenda highlights the need for environmentally

The focus of the global goal “Life Below Water” is the protection of the ecosystems of seas and oceans and sustainable use of marine resources. Marine acidification caused by climate change and pollution of the world seas and oceans as well as overfishing have a major impact on marine ecosystems. The 2030 Agenda includes the target to reduce marine pollution of all kinds (first target date 2025) and ensure sustainable management, protection and restoration of marine and coastal ecosystems (first target date 2020). A separate target is providing access for small-scale artisanal fishers to

The focus of the global goal “Life on Land” is sustainable use and efficient protection of terrestrial ecosystems and the species living there. Protected and conserved ecosystems and biodiversity help to reduce human pressure on the environment and mitigate natural disasters. Ecosystems that are healthy and have integrity maintain resilience to the impacts of climate change and benefit the populations depending on these ecosystems. The 2030 Agenda emphasises the need to implement first the prior global agreements (Convention on Biological Diversity, the Nagoya Protocol, etc.). It is important

Global and local environmental goals focus largely on reaching a balance between limited ecological resources and people’s well-being. According to the strategy “Sustainable Estonia 21”, achieving an ecological balance requires using natural resources sustainably, reducing pollution and preserving biological diversity and natural areas. Globally, the aims are to stop activities contributing to climate change, to consume and produce in a sustainable and clean way, to preserve water resources and to produce energy using environmentally friendly solutions. Data on the environment are necessary to

The focus of the global goal “Decent Work and Economic Growth” is to ensure sustainable and environmentally friendly economic growth that would not involve excessive and unsustainable use of resources. Sustainable economic growth helps people escape poverty and find employment. The 2030 Agenda sets a target to achieve higher economic productivity, using diversification, technological upgrades and innovation, and focusing among else on sectors that have high value added and are labour-intensive. It is also expected that governments support the creation of decent jobs, entrepreneurship

Society has an impact on the environment by extracting resources and energy and generating waste and pollution. It is important to use natural resources sustainably and preserve the environment in order to maintain ecological balance and ensure economic growth. The preparation of environmental accounts based on the principles of economic statistics allows the integrated analysis of production, resource and energy use, emissions and environmental taxes. By combining data, it is possible to assess the impact of the economy on the environment and the contribution of the environment to the economy

The focus of the global goal “Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure” is infrastructure development, industrialisation and innovation, which are three important pillars of economic growth. If action in these areas is resilient, inclusive and sustainable, economic growth will support sustainable development. The 2030 Agenda targets include increasing the share of industry in employment and GDP; this indicator should double in the least developed countries. The agenda lays down improving access to financial services, raising efficiency in environmentally sound use of natural resources

The focus of the global goal “Clean Water and Sanitation” is the need to ensure that people have clean drinking water, sanitation and hygiene conditions. Lack of quality and adequate water supply and sanitation affects reaching other global goals such as healthcare, promoting education and reducing poverty. The 2030 Agenda sets the target to improve water and sanitation systems to ensure access to quality drinking water and adequate wastewater treatment. Mainly, indirect measures must be taken, for example, improving water resources management, preventing pollution of water bodies with waste