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According to the preliminary data of Statistics Estonia, on 1 January 2021, the population of Estonia was 1,329,460 persons, which is 480 persons more than at the same time a year ago. Population decreased by 2,590 persons due to negative natural increase and increased by 3,070 persons as a result of positive net migration.

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2020, the average monthly gross income per employee was 1,380 euros, which is 63 euros more than in 2019. Income was highest in Harju county (1,541 euros) and lowest in Ida-Viru county (1,088 euros).

In 2017, the unemployment rate was 5.8%, the employment rate 67.5% and the labour force participation rate 71.6%. The labour force participation rate increased by 1.2 percentage points and the employment rate by 1.9 percentage points. The unemployment rate decreased by 1 percentage point. Employment and labour force participation remained high throughout 2017, reaching the highest levels in 20 years. The number of inactive persons continued to decline.

According to Statistics Estonia, in the 3rd quarter of 2018, the unemployment rate was 5.2%, the employment rate was 68.2% and the labour force participation rate was 72%. The unemployment rate remained low and is similar to that of economic boom years. The employment rate and the labour force participation are even higher than during the boom years. Employment of older persons is at a record high.

According to Statistics Estonia, in the 1st quarter of 2018, the unemployment rate was 6.8%, the employment rate 66.6% and the labour force participation rate 71.4%. Compared to the 1st quarter of 2017, economic activity of the population increased mainly due to an increase in unemployment but somewhat also due to an increase in employment.