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Breadcrumb

  1. Home
  2. Methodology and quality
  3. ESMS metadata
  4. Environmental goods and services sector accounts

Environmental goods and services sector accounts

1. Contact
1.1. Contact organisation

Statistics Estonia

1.2. Contact organisation unit

Economic and Environmental Statistics Department

1.3. Contact name

Hanna Pentsa

1.4. Contact person function

Leading Analyst

1.5. Contact mail address

51 Tatari Str, 10134 Tallinn, Estonia

1.6. Contact email address

hanna.pentsa [at] stat.ee

1.7. Contact phone number

2. Metadata update
2.1. Metadata last certified

27/03/2025

2.2. Metadata last update

27/03/2025

3. Statistical presentation
3.1. Data description

The output, employment, exports and gross value added of the environmental goods and services sector by economic activity and by environmental protection and resource management activity

3.2. Classification system

Estonian Classification of Economic Activities (EMTAK 2008) based on NACE Rev. 2

Classification of Environmental Protection Activities and Expenditure (CEPA 2000)

Classification of Resource Management Activities (CReMA)

Statistical Classifications of Products by Activity (CPA)

List of Products of the European Community (PRODCOM list)

Combined Nomenclature (CN)

3.3. Sector coverage

All economic activities and institutional sectors producing environmental goods and services are covered

3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions

Employment – all persons engaged in a productive activity that falls within the production boundary of national accounts. Employment is shown in full-time equivalents.

Environmental goods and services sector – the production activities of a national economy that generate environmental products (environmental goods and services). Environmental products are products that have been produced for the purpose of environmental protection and resource management. Environmental protection includes all activities and actions which have as their main purpose the prevention, reduction and elimination of pollution and of any other degradation of the environment. Resource management includes the preservation, maintenance and enhancement of the stock of natural resources and therefore the safeguarding of those resources against depletion.

Environmental research and development – creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge and the use of this knowledge to devise new applications in the field of environmental protection. The class covers all research and development (R&D) activities and expenditures oriented towards environmental protection: the identification and analysis of sources of pollution, the mechanisms of the dispersion of pollutants in the environment, and the effects of pollution on human beings, species and the biosphere. It covers R&D for the prevention and elimination of all forms of pollution, and also R&D oriented towards equipment and instruments for the measurement and analysis of pollution.

Exports – transactions in goods and services from residents to non-residents.

Full-time equivalent – total hours worked divided by the average annual number of hours worked in full-time jobs within the economic territory. In other words, full-time equivalents correspond to the number of full-time equivalent jobs (one FTE is equivalent to one employee working full-time).

Heat/energy saving and management – activities aimed at the minimisation of the intake of non-renewable energy sources through in-process modifications, and at the minimisation of heat and energy losses through energy savings. Activities and products related to measurement, control, laboratories and the like are included as well as education, training and information and general administration activities linked to the management and saving of heat and energy.

Management of forest resources can be further divided into management of forest areas and minimisation of the intake of forest resources. The management of forest areas includes all the activities carried out for the maintenance and management of forest areas. This includes restoration activities as well as the prevention and control of forest fires. Activities and products related to measurement, control, laboratories and the like are also included as well as education, training and information and general administration activities linked to the management of forest resources. The minimisation of the intake of forest resources includes activities aimed at the minimisation of the intake of forest resources through in-process modifications as well as the recycling, reuse or savings of forest products and by-products.

Management of minerals – activities aimed at the minimisation of the intake of minerals through in-process modifications as well as the reduction of scraps and the production and consumption of recycled materials and products. Activities and products related to measurement, control, laboratories and the like are also included as well as education, training and information and general administration activities linked to the management of minerals.

Management of water – activities aimed at the minimisation of the intake of inland waters through in-process modifications and the use of alternative resources and at the reduction of water losses and leaks, as well as the installation and construction of facilities for water reuse and savings, the use of water-saving shower heads and taps, etc. Restoration activities are also included. All water supply activities are included in the output, value added and employment of the management of water according to the current methodology.

Management of wild flora and fauna – activities aimed at the minimisation of the intake of wild flora and fauna. Restoration activities are included (replenishment of wild flora and fauna stocks). Activities and products related to measurement, control, laboratories and the like are also included as well as education, training and information and general administration activities linked to the management of wild flora and fauna.

Minimisation of the use of fossil energy as raw materials – activities aimed at the minimisation of the intake of fossil resources for raw materials for uses other than energy production (e.g. the production of plastic, chemicals, rubber). Activities and products related to measurement, control, laboratories and the like are also included as well as education, training and information and general administration activities linked to the minimisation of the use of fossil energy as raw materials.

Noise and vibration abatement – measures and activities aimed at the control, reduction and abatement of industrial and transport noise and vibration. Activities for the abatement of neighbourhood noise (e.g. soundproofing of dancing halls, etc.) and for the abatement of noise in places frequented by the public (e.g. swimming pools, schools, etc.) are included.

Other environmental protection activities – all environmental protection activities which are not classified elsewhere in CEPA and which take the form of general environmental administration and management activities or training or teaching activities specifically oriented towards environmental protection or which consist of public information. It also includes activities leading to indivisible classification, in addition to activities not classified elsewhere.

Other resource management activities – all natural resource management activities not classified in other classes, i.e. general administration, education, training and information activities that relate to two or more natural resources.

Output – the total value of goods and services created by residents during the accounting period. It includes market output, output produced for own final use, non-market output of the general government sector and output of non-profit institutions serving households.

Production of energy from renewable resources – activities aimed at the reduction of the exploitation of non-renewable energy sources through the production of energy from renewable sources.

Protection against radiation – activities and measures aimed at the reduction or elimination of the negative consequences of radiation emitted from any source. It includes the handling, transportation and treatment of high-level radioactive waste, i.e. waste that, because of its high radionuclide content, requires shielding during normal handling and transportation.

Protection and remediation of soil, groundwater and surface water – measures and activities aimed at the prevention of pollutant infiltration, the cleaning up of soils and water bodies and the protection of soil from erosion and other physical degradation and from salinisation. The monitoring and control of soil and groundwater pollution are included.

Protection of ambient air and climate – measures and activities aimed at the reduction of emissions into the ambient air or ambient concentrations of air pollutants, and at the control of emissions of greenhouse gases and gases that adversely affect the stratospheric ozone layer.

Protection of biodiversity and landscapes – measures and activities aimed at the protection and rehabilitation of fauna and flora species, ecosystems and habitats as well as natural and semi-natural landscapes. The maintenance and establishment of certain landscape types, biotopes, eco-zones and related issues (hedgerows, lines of trees to re-establish “natural corridors”) have a clear link to the preservation of biodiversity.

Research and development activities for resource management comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge and the use of this knowledge to devise new applications in the field of resource management and savings.

Value added – the difference between output and intermediate consumption. The components of value added are compensation of employees (wages and salaries, employers’ social contributions), consumption of fixed capital, operating surplus and mixed income, and net taxes on production. Intermediate consumption is the value of the goods and services consumed as inputs by a process of production, excluding fixed assets whose consumption is recorded as consumption of fixed capital.

Waste management – activities and measures aimed at the prevention of the generation of waste and at the reduction of its harmful effect on the environment. It includes the collection and treatment of waste, including monitoring and regulation activities. It also includes recycling and composting, the collection and treatment of low-level radioactive waste, street cleaning and the collection of public litter.

Wastewater management – activities and measures aimed at the prevention of the pollution of surface water, by reducing the release of wastewater into inland surface water and seawater. It includes the collection and treatment of wastewater, including monitoring and regulation activities.

3.5. Statistical unit

Enterprise

3.6. Statistical population

Enterprises belonging to the environmental goods and services sector

FRAME

List of economic units that produce environmental goods and services which is based on the business register for statistical purposes

3.7. Reference area

Estonia as a whole

3.8. Time coverage

2010, 2014–…

3.9. Base period

Not applicable

4. Unit of measure

Output, export and value added – million euros

Number of employees – full-time equivalents

5. Reference period

Year

6. Institutional mandate
6.1. Legal acts and other agreements

DIRECTLY APPLICABLE LEGAL ACTS

Regulation (EU) No 691/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2011 on European environmental economic accounts

Regulation (EU) No 538/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 amending Regulation (EU) No 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts (Text with EEA relevance)

COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2015/2174 of 24 November 2015 on the indicative compendium of environmental goods and services, the format for data transmission for European environmental economic accounts and modalities, structure and periodicity of the quality reports pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 691/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European environmental economic accounts

OTHER LEGAL ACTS

Not available

OTHER AGREEMENTS

Not available

7. Confidentiality
7.1. Confidentiality - policy

The dissemination of data collected for the purpose of producing official statistics is guided by the requirements provided for in § 32, § 34, § 35, § 38 of the Official Statistics Act.

7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

The dissemination of data collected for the production of official statistics is based on the requirements laid down in §§ 34 and 35 of the Official Statistics Act.

The principles for treatment of confidential data can be found here.

8. Release policy
8.1. Release calendar

Notifications about the dissemination of statistics are published in the release calendar, which is available on the website. Every year on 1 October, the release times of the statistical database, news releases, main indicators by IMF SDDS and publications for the following year are announced in the release calendar (in the case of publications – the release month).

8.2. Release calendar access

Calendar

8.3. User access

All users have been granted equal access to official statistics: dissemination dates of official statistics are announced in advance and no user category (incl. Eurostat, state authorities and mass media) is provided access to official statistics before other users. Official statistics are first published in the statistical database. If there is also a news release, it is published simultaneously with data in the statistical database. Official statistics are available on the website at 8:00 a.m. on the date announced in the release calendar.

9. Frequency of dissemination

Annual

10. Accessibility and clarity
10.1. News release

Not published

10.2. Publications

Not published

10.3. Online database

Data are published in the statistical database at https://andmed.stat.ee/en/stat under the subject area “Environment / Environmental accounts / Environmental goods and services sector accounts” in the following tables:

KK38: Output, exports, value added and employment of the environmental goods and services sector by economic activity and environmental protection or resource management activity

KK39: Output, exports, value added and employment of the environmental goods and services sector by goods and services.

10.4. Microdata access

The dissemination of data collected for the purpose of producing official statistics is guided by the requirements provided for in § 33, § 34, § 35, § 36, § 38 of the Official Statistics Act. Access to microdata and anonymisation of microdata are regulated by Statistics Estonia’s procedure for dissemination of confidential data for scientific purposes.

10.5. Other

Not used

10.6. Documentation on methodology

The environmental goods and services sector accounts handbook (Eurostat 2016)

http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-manuals-and-guidelines/-/KS-GQ-16-008

Environmental goods and services sector accounts practical guide (Eurostat 2016)

http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-manuals-and-guidelines/-/KS-GQ-16-011

10.7. Quality documentation

The quality report is submitted to Eurostat since 2017 in accordance with Commission implementing regulation (EU) 2015/2174

11. Quality management
11.1. Quality assurance

To assure the quality of processes and products, Statistics Estonia applies the EFQM Excellence Model, the European Statistics Code of Practice and the Quality Assurance Framework of the European Statistical System (ESS QAF). Statistics Estonia is also guided by the requirements in § 7. “Principles and quality criteria of producing official statistics” of the Official Statistics Act.

11.2. Quality assessment

Not applied

12. Relevance
12.1. User needs

Ministry of the Environment

Ministry of Rural Affairs

Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications

12.2. User satisfaction

Since 1996, Statistics Estonia has conducted reputation and user satisfaction surveys. All results are available on the website of Statistics Estonia in the section User surveys.

12.3. Completeness

The environmental goods and services sector accounts are in compliance with the requirements of regulation (EU) No 691/2011 and the rules of the national accounts.

13. Accuracy and reliability
13.1. Overall accuracy

Accuracy is ensured by applying the methodology developed by Eurostat.

13.2. Sampling error

Not applicable

13.3. Non-sampling error

Not measured

14. Timeliness and punctuality
14.1. Timeliness

The data are published 720 days after the end of the reference year (T + 720).

14.2. Punctuality

The data have been published at the time announced in the release calendar.

15. Coherence and comparability
15.1. Comparability - geographical

According to the indicative compendium of environmental goods and services in the implementing regulation (EU) No 2015/2147 the data are comparable, but in addition to the goods and services in the indicative compendium, there may be additional goods and services which are specific to each country (including Estonia).

15.2. Comparability - over time

Data are comparable.

15.3. Coherence - cross domain

Environmental goods and services sector accounts are in compliance with the national accounts.

15.4. Coherence - internal

The outputs of the statistical activity are coherent.

16. Cost and burden

17. Data revision
17.1. Data revision - policy

The data revision policy and notification of corrections are described in the section Principles of dissemination of official statistics of the website of Statistics Estonia.

17.2. Data revision - practice

The published data may be revised if the methodology is modified, errors are discovered, new or better data become available.

Regular revisions are carried out annually in accordance with the national accounts methodology.

18. Statistical processing
18.1. Source data

SURVEY DATA

Not used

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

Annual reports are received from the commercial register of the Centre of Registers and Infomation Systems.

Data on construction and reconstruction of buildings are received from Register of construction works from the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications.

Data on payments of transfers of Green Investment Scheme are received from the Ministry of the Environment.

Data on exports and imports of services are received from the Eesti Pank (the central bank of Estonia).

Data on amount of waste, wastewater and drinking water are received from the Estonian Environment Agency.

Data of investments in the construction of road barries and cycle and pedestrian tracks, as well as data on the number of vehicles, their age and technical inspections are received from the Republic of Estonian Transport Administration.

Data on payments of transfers of Environmental Investment Centre are received from Estonian Environmental Investment Centre.

Data on payments of transfers of the European Union Structural Funds are received from the Ministry of Finance.

Data on environmental transfers are received from the Estonian Agricultural Registers and Information Board.

Data on expenditures made for the protection of forests are received from the State Forest Management Centre.

Data on transfers for the protection of forests are received from Private Forest Centre.

DATA FROM OTHER STATISTICAL ACTIVITIES

For compilation of accounts data from statistical activities 20300 “Financial statistics of enterprises (annual)”, 21303 “Government finance”, 21408 “Supply and use tables”, 20001 “Financial statistics of non-profit organisations”, 21401 “National accounts (annual)”, 21701 “Research and development”, 22203 “Manufactured goods and industrial services”, 22303 “Foreign trade”, 40203 “Household Budget Survey”, 40701 “Labour Force Survey”, 20206 “Energy consumption and production (annual)”, 10101 “Environmental protection expenditure accounts” and 20901 “Business register for statistical purposes” are used.

18.2. Frequency of data collection

Annual

18.3. Data collection

Administrative data are received via X-Road, an FTP-server and by e-mail.

18.4. Data validation

The data are compared with the data of previous periods. Arithmetic and qualitative controls are used in the validation process, including comparison with other data.

18.5. Data compilation

Data from different data sources are aggregated based on used classifications. Output, value added, exports and employment are calculated according to specific formulas.

18.6. Adjustment

Not applied

19. Comments

The environmental goods and services sector account is mandatory according to Regulation (EU) No 538/2014 of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union amending regulation No 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts. The first year for which data is compiled is 2014. The transmission of data started according to the implementation of the regulation in 2017.

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