Enterprise groups
Statistical activity code: 20904
Enterprise groups in Estonia by country, economic activity and type of enterprise group Units in enterprise groups by economic activity and size groups based on number of persons employed | |
Estonian Classifcation of Economic Activities (EMTAK 2008) based on NACE Rev. 2 International Standard Codes for the Representation of the Names of Countries (ISO 3166) Classification of legal forms | |
Enterprise groups are comprised of commercial undertakings. Besides a commercial enterprise, a non-profit association can be the group head. | |
Enterprise group – an association of enterprises bound together by legal and/or financial links. An enterprise group is formed by the parent company and it is directly and indirectly controlled subsidiaries. Control exists if one unit owns more than 50% of the voting shares of another enterprise or has dominant influence in some other way over the action and financial plans of the enterprise. Group head – a parent legal unit which is not controlled either directly or indirectly by any other legal unit. Affiliate – an enterprise controlled by another legal unit. Nationality of the enterprise group – country, where the group head is registered. Estonian multinational enterprise group – an enterprise group under the control of an Estonian group head, which includes at least one subsidiary registered outside Estonia. Estonian all-resident group – an enterprise group under the control of an Estonian group head with all subsidiaries registered in Estonia. Foreign enterprise group – an enterprise group with the group head registered outside Estonia. EuroGroups Register – a register of enterprise groups active in the European Union administered by Eurostat. Enterprise consists of one or more companies (public limited company, private limited company, limited partnership, general partnership, commercial association) or branches of foreign companies or sole proprietors. | |
Legal unit Enterprise Enterprise group | |
Foreign-controlled enterprise groups located in Estonia, Estonian all-resident and multinational enterprise groups FRAME List of enterprise groups and their subsidiaries economically active in Estonia. The list is generated from the business register for statistical purposes. | |
Estonia as a whole | |
2004–… | |
Not applicable |
DIRECTLY APPLICABLE LEGAL ACTS Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains Regulation (EC) No 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2019 on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (Text with EEA relevance) Council Regulation (EEC) No 696/93 of 15 March 1993 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of the production system in the Community OTHER LEGAL ACTS Not available OTHER AGREEMENTS Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat) |
The dissemination of data collected for the purpose of producing official statistics is guided by the requirements provided for in § 32, § 34, § 35, § 38 of the Official Statistics Act. | |
The treatment of confidential data is regulated by the Procedure for Protection of Data Collected and Processed by Statistics Estonia (in Estonian). See more details on the website of Statistics Estonia in the section Õigusaktid. |
Notifications about the dissemination of statistics are published in the release calendar, which is available on the website. Every year on 1 October, the release times of the statistical database, news releases, main indicators by IMF SDDS and publications for the following year are announced in the release calendar (in the case of publications – the release month). | |
All users have been granted equal access to official statistics: dissemination dates of official statistics are announced in advance and no user category (incl. Eurostat, state authorities and mass media) is provided access to official statistics before other users. Official statistics are first published in the statistical database. If there is also a news release, it is published simultaneously with data in the statistical database. Official statistics are available on the website at 8:00 a.m. on the date announced in the release calendar. |
Not published | |
Not published | |
Data are published under the subject area “Economy / Economic units” in the statistical database at http://pub.stat.ee. | |
The dissemination of data collected for the purpose of producing official statistics is guided by the requirements provided for in § 33, § 34, § 35, § 36, § 38 of the Access to microdata and anonymisation of microdata are regulated by Statistics Estonia’s procedure for dissemination of confidential data for scientific purposes. | |
Data serve as input for statistical activity 20319 “Financial statistics of foreign affiliates”. Microdata are submitted to Eurostat’s EuroGroups Register for updating. | |
Regulation (EC) No 177/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 February 2008 establishing a common framework for business registers for statistical purposes Council Regulation (EEC) No 696/93 of 15 March 1993 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of the production system in the Community Business Registers Recommendations Manual, Eurostat International Guidelines on Statistical Business Registers, UNECE | |
Not available |
To assure the quality of processes and products, Statistics Estonia applies the EFQM Excellence Model, the European Statistics Code of Practice and the Quality Assurance Framework of the European Statistical System (ESS QAF). Statistics Estonia is also guided by the requirements in § 7. “Principles and quality criteria of producing official statistics” of the Official Statistics Act. | |
Statistics Estonia performs all statistical activities according to an international model (Generic Statistical Business Process Model – GSBPM). According to the GSBPM, the final phase of statistical activities is overall evaluation using information gathered in each phase or sub-process; this information can take many forms, including feedback from users, process metadata, system metrics and suggestions from employees. This information is used to prepare the evaluation report which outlines all the quality problems related to the specific statistical activity and serves as input for improvement actions. |
Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications Government and local government institutions Eesti Pank (central bank of Estonia) Non-profit organisations Research and educational institutions Entrepreneurs Users’ suggestions and information about taking these into account are available on the website of Statistics Estonia at http://www.stat.ee/statistikatood. | |
Since 1996, Statistics Estonia has conducted reputation and user satisfaction surveys. All results are available on the website of Statistics Estonia in the section User surveys. | |
The business register for statistical purposes includes Estonian or foreign-controlled enterprise groups that include at least one legal unit registered in Estonia. The data of enterprise groups in the register comply with the data composition requirements of Regulation (EC) No 177/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council. |
The data are comparable with the data of other European Union (EU) countries. When compiling data for Estonia, the business register for statistical purposes is used, which is in compliance with the requirements of the EU regulation. | |
Statistics Estonia has been collecting data on enterprise groups active in Estonia regularly since 2005. The first published data are for 2004. The data of enterprise groups (number of subsidiaries, employed persons and employees) cover only subsidiaries registered in Estonia and economically active in 2004. As of 2013, the business register for statistical purposes, which is used as the basis for the statistical activity on enterprise groups, includes information on Estonian multinational enterprise groups besides the previously published data on foreign and Estonian resident enterprise groups. Branches of foreign companies and state and local government entities are not included among economic units. | |
For compiling the statistics, the data of statistical activity 20901 “Business register for statistical purposes” are used. The data of this statistical activity are used in statistical activity 20319 “Financial statistics of foreign affiliates” to determine the controlling country and identify foreign subsidiaries. | |
The outputs of the statistical activity are coherent. Higher-level aggregations are derived from detailed data according to pre-defined procedures. |
The data revision policy and notification of corrections are described in the section Principles of dissemination of official statistics of the website of Statistics Estonia. | |
The published data may be revised if the methodology is modified, errors are discovered, new or better data become available. |
SURVEY DATA Not used ADMINISTRATIVE DATA Data on shareholders of companies are received from the commercial register of the Centre of Registers and Infomation Systems and balance of payments' data from the Eesti Pank (the central bank of Estonia). DATA FROM OTHER STATISTICAL ACTIVITIES Data from statistical activities 20300 “Financial statistics of enterprises (annual)” and 20901 “Business register for statistical purposes”. | |
Annual | |
The data from the commercial register are obtained via X-Road. The data from the Eesti Pank (the central bank of Estonia) are received by e-mail. | |
Arithmetic and qualitative controls are used in the validation process, including comparison with the data of previous periods, other surveys and administrative data sources. Before data dissemination, internal coherence of the data is checked. | |
For producing statistics on enterprise groups, data from the business register for statistical purposes is used, based on which the groups' indicators are calculated and the main activity of the group is determined. Since 2005 Statistics Estonia regularly collects data on enterprise groups operating in Estonia. The statistical unit “enterprise group” is compiled in the business register for statistical purposes based on the data on ownership links. The commercial register is the main data source used. Since 2013 the statistical register also includes information on domestically controlled multinational groups (in addition to data on foreign-controlled enterprise groups and Estonian all-resident groups). The concept of control is used to delineate enterprise groups. An enterprise may belong to just one enterprise group. Control exists if the unit owns more than 50% of another enterprise’s shareholdings with voting rights or has dominant influence over the medium and long-term strategies of another enterprise. Control means the ability to determine the general policy of an enterprise. It could be either ownership of more than 50% of the voting rights, or the legal or contractual right to appoint or withdraw the majority of management or a higher directing body. The ultimate controlling unit (group head) means the unit, proceeding up a chain of control, which is not controlled by another unit. In case of large multinational enterprise groups the chain of control may be long and complicated and cover several countries. To identify the ultimate group heads of foreign-controlled enterprise groups, Statistics Estonia uses the ownership links database of Dun & Bradstreet, the EuroGroups Register and the data on enterprises’ websites. The chain of control as at the end of the year is established. Central and local government institutions and branches of foreign companies in Estonia are not included into enterprise groups. The published data on enterprise groups (number of members, number of employees, turnover) include only the data of resident members of enterprise groups active in the reference year. | |
Not applied |