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11. Sustainable Cities and Communities

Area
The focus of the global goal “Sustainable Cities and Communities” is problems related to rapid urbanisation. Although cities are sources of innovation and exhibit fast growth in the number of jobs as well as economic growth, urbanisation also causes problems, such as poor living conditions, air pollution, poor access to services and lacking infrastructure. The 2030 Agenda includes a global target to ensure everybody adequate, safe, affordable housing and basic services, and improve slums. Efficient waste management and availability of transport networks, especially of public transport, is

Libraries and books

Area
Libraries have an important role in the society: to preserve cultural heritage and make information available everywhere in Estonia. Libraries also help people navigate the information society, support lifelong learning and develop reading habits. Estonia’s library network functions on the basis of common principles and long traditions. It ensures that people have free access to information. Libraries have also become community centres, where various events take place and other services are offered. One in two persons in Estonia visits libraries. Statistics on libraries and books provide

Today and 20 years ago. Which EU countries' citizens live in Estonia?

Date 15.05.2024
Article
While at the beginning of the new century it was mainly the inhabitants of Estonia who eagerly moved elsewhere in Europe, today more and more citizens of other European Union countries are settling in Estonia. Kristjan Erik Loik, leading analyst at Statistics Estonia, takes a look at who has arrived here in the last 20 years.

Statistics Estonia published data on Ukrainian citizens in the labour market

Date 17.06.2022
Article
Commissioned by the Ministry of Social Affairs, Statistics Estonia analyses the employment situation of Ukrainian refugees under temporary protection and the Ukrainian citizens staying in the country on other grounds. Data will be updated regularly from now on.

PHC 2011: the population of Estonia is concentrated around larger cities

Date 12.12.2012
Article
According to the final results of the 2011 Population and Housing Census (PHC 2011), 1,294,455 permanent residents were enumerated in Estonia. The census results indicate the continued concentration of the population around major cities.

Migration

Area
Open borders and the ability to choose where to live have made people more mobile. People move from city to city, to the countryside or even find a new job and home outside Estonia. How actively do Estonian people change their place of residence? How many migrants have found a new home in Estonia? Migration statistics provide an overview of internal migration, or movement from one administrative unit to another within Estonia, and external migration, or cross-border changes of residence. Migration is a vital event that can quickly change the age and sex distribution of the population. In

PHC 2011: The share of Estonian citizens in the population has increased

Date 17.08.2012
Article
According to the preliminary data of the 2011 Population and Housing Census, of the 1,294,236 enumerated permanent residents in Estonia, 1,101,761 are Estonian citizens. Compared to the previous census, the share of Estonian citizens has increased from 80% to 85%.

Urban Audit

Area
What kind of survey is it? Urban Audit is a joint effort by the European Commission's Directorate General for Regional Policy (DG-REGIO), Eurostat, and European countries to collect and disseminate reliable and comparable data on the quality of life in European cities. Who commissions the survey? The survey is commissioned by Eurostat. Why are the data needed? Data are collected on key statistical domains such as population (sex-age composition, citizenship, births and deaths), social life (household structure and living conditions, housing, labour market, education, culture and leisure)

1,360,745 people: Estonia’s population declined for the second year in a row

Date 21.04.2026
Article
Kadri Rootalu , the Population and Education Statistics Service Manager at Statistics Estonia, said that two thirds of the population decline can be attributed to negative natural increase, and one third resulted from net migration which turned negative. “In recent years, net migration had boosted the population figure and helped to offset the negative natural increase. However, in 2025, net migration turned negative after more than ten years, as emigration from Estonia exceeded immigration by 2,802,” said Rootalu. She added that the decrease in population due to negative natural increase was